Anti-HLA-G Alexa Fluor® 488

Anti-HLA-G Alexa Fluor® 488

• Background: Human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G), belonging to MHC class I glycoproteins, plays important roles in both physiological and pathological immunotolerance. It gives an inhibitory signal to cytotoxic T cells, NK cells, monocytes, and some other immune cells. It also induces regulatory T cells and anti-inflammatory macrophages. HLA-G is important e.g. for maternal tolerance to the fetus, and for immunomodulation in particular adult tissues, such as in cornea, pancreatic islets, thymus and other. On the other hand, it is expressed in many solid and hematologic malignancies, where it contributes to evasion of the immune surveillance. HLA-G expression pattern in cancer is an important prognostic factor regarding a poor clinical outcome. Unlike most other MHC glycoproteins, HLA-G acts as an immune checkpoint molecule rather than as an antigen presenting molecule. It concerns both transmembrane and soluble HLA-G isoforms. Among other, HLA-G can promote Th2 immunological response and downregulate Th1 immunological response. For its benefits regarding allograft tolerance, including embryo implantation, soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) can be used as a marker of developmental potential of embryos during the process of in vitro fertilization. Similarly, sHLA-G concentrations in maternal serum are decreased in preeclampsia. Transplanted patients with increased sHLA-G serum levels have improved allograft acceptance. On the other hand, increased sHLA-G can also indicate presence of malignant (sometimes also of benign) tumor cells. Another important topic is induction of HLA-G expression (sometimes associated with shedding of HLA-G from the cell surface) by some anti-cancer or anti-viral therapies, which can weaken the therapy effect. Monitoring of HLA-G in patients thus has a wide usage.
• Specifications: The mouse monoclonal antibody 5A6G7 was generated to a peptide corresponding to C-intron 4-encoded sequence. This antibody does not crossreact with the full-length HLA-G1 isoform and thus allows to distinguish between secreted HLA-G5 and HLA-G6 isoforms from shedded HLA-G1.
• CAS Number: 9007-83-4
• Certification: RUO
• Host: Mouse
• Species Reactivity: Human
• Immunogen: C-terminal amino acid sequence (22-mer) of soluble HLA-G5 and HLA-G6 proteins coupled to ovalbumin.
• Target Antigen: HLA-G
• Isotype: IgG1
• Clone: 5A6G7
• Applications: Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 μg/mL. Intracellular staining.
• Validated Applications: FC, WB, ICC
• Concentration: 1 mg/mL
• Format: Alexa Fluor® 488
• Buffer: Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
• References & Citations: *Poláková K, Železníková T, Russ G: HLA-G5 in the blood of leukemia patients and healthy individuals. Leuk Res. 2013 Feb37(2):139-45., URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23146557/,*Rebmann V, Lemaoult J, Rouas-Freiss N, Carosella ED, Grosse-Wilde H: Report of the Wet Workshop for Quantification of Soluble HLA-G in Essen, 2004. Hum Immunol. 2005 Aug66(8):853-63., URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16216668?dopt=,*Le Rond S, Le Maoult J, Creput C, Menier C, Deschamps M, Le Friec G, Amiot L, Durrbach A, Dausset J, Carosella ED, Rouas-Freiss N: Alloreactive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells express the immunotolerant HLA-G molecule in mixed lymphocyte reactions: in vivo implications in transplanted patients. Eur J Immunol. 2004 Mar34(3):649-60. , URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14991594?dopt=,*Le Rond S, Gonzalez A, Gonzalez AS, Carosella ED, Rouas-Freiss N: Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase and human leucocyte antigen-G inhibit the T-cell alloproliferative response through two independent pathways. Immunology. 2005 Nov 116(3): 297-307., URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC18024,*Lafon M, Prehaud C, Megret F, Lafage M, Mouillot G, Roa M, Moreau P, Rouas-Freiss N, Carosella ED: Modulation of HLA-G Expression in Human Neural Cells after Neurotropic Viral Infections. J Virol. 2005 Dec 79(24): 15226-15237., URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13160,*Zhang X, Lin A, Han QY, Zhang JG, Chen QY, Ye YH, Zhou WJ, Xu HH, Gan J, Yan WH: Intratumor heterogeneity of HLA-G expression in cancer lesions. Front Immunol. 2020 Nov 1911:565759., URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33329527/,*Swets M, Wouters A, Krijgsman D, van Vlierberghe RL, Boot A, van Eendenburg JD, van Wezel T, Gelderblom H, van de Velde CJ, van den Elsen PJ, Kuppen PJ: HLA-G protein expression in colorectal cancer evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis: Its expression characteristics remain enigmatic. Clin Immunol. 2018 Sep194:80-86., URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30006120/,*Gonzalez A, Alegre E, Arroyo A, LeMaoult J, Echeveste JI: Identification of circulating nonclassic human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G)-like molecules in exudates. Clin Chem. 2011 Jul57(7):1013-22., URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21527645/,
• Other References: *Creput C, Durrbach A, Menier C, Guettier C, Samuel D, Dausset J, Charpentier B, Carosella ED, Rouas-Freiss N. Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) expression in biliary epithelial cells is associated with allograft acceptance in liver-kidney transplantation. J Hepatol. 2003 39(4):587-94., URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12971970/,*Menier C, Saez B, Horejsi V, Martinozzi S, Krawice-Radanne I, Bruel S, LeDanff C, Reboul M, Hilgert I, Rabreau M, Larrad ML, Pla M, Carosella ED, Rouas-Freiss N: Characterization of monoclonal antibodies recognizing HLA-G or HLA-E: new tools to analyze the expression of nonclassical HLA class I molecules. Hum Immunol. 2003 64(3):315-26., URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12590976/,*Lin A, Yan WH: Heterogeneity of HLA-G expression in cancers: Facing the challenges. Front Immunol. 2018 Sep 279:2164., URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30319626/,*Hunt JS, Langat DK, McIntire RH, Morales PJ: The role of HLA-G in human pregnancy. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 20064 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S10., URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17118165/,*Xu HH, Yan WH, Lin A: The role of HLA-G in human papillomavirus infections and cervical carcinogenesis. Front Immunol. 2020 Jun 2511:1349., URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32670296/,*Castelli EC, de Almeida BS, Muniz YC, Silva NS, Passos MR, Souza AS, Page AE, Dyble M, Smith D, Aguileta G, Bertranpetit J, Migliano AB, Duarte YA, Scliar MO, Wang J, Passos-Bueno MR, Naslavsky MS, Zatz M, Mendes CT, Donadi EA: HLA-G genetic diversity and evolutive aspects in worldwide populations. Sci Rep. 2021 Nov 2911(1):23070., URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34845256/,*Curigliano G, Criscitiello C, Gelao L, Goldhirsch A: Molecular pathways: Human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G). Clin Cancer Res. 2013 Oct 1519(20):5564-71., URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23897901/,
• Storage Conditions: Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.